The annual December Fisheries Council starts in Brussels this week, and WWF says “Fisheries Ministers from EU Member States traditionally ignore independent scientific advice and make a mockery of sustainable fisheries management”.
A release from the organization says, for example every year for the last five years scientists have advised that the cod fisheries in the North Sea, West of Scotland and Irish Sea be closed to restore stocks - this advice has consistently been ignored by Ministers.
Indeed for the past fifteen years, political pressure has led to total allowable catches (TACs) being set an average of 30% above the recommendations made by the scientists at the International Council for the Exploration of the Seas (ICES).
To compound the madness, despite cod stocks in the North Sea being well below minimum safe precautionary levels, tens of thousands of tonnes of cod are caught and thrown back dead or dying each year in nets targeting other species.
In particular, there is often a substantial bycatch of cod by Scampi fisheries (Nephrops) due to the small mesh size of the nets. Considerable numbers of fish are caught as bycatch, up to 70% of which are discarded as the fish are below the minimum landing size. Off the coast of Norway 61% of the total cod catch by scampi nets was discarded between 1995 and 2000.
Indeed it is estimated that the entire North Sea scampi fishery could account for almost half of cod removed from the water.
“This issue is making cod recovery fail” said Dr Tom Pickerell, Fisheries Policy Officer for WWF. “We can’t just reduce the total allowable catch, this will only lead to more cod being thrown back dead. Discarding is not a new problem, the solutions are there, but we need political will to implement them.”
For example, WWF believe that one solution could be bycatch quotas. In addition WWF strongly recommends that all fisheries with high bycatch should be required to use technical measures - such as sorting grids and escape panels - to increase the selectivity of their fishing gear.
Around half of all plaice caught are discarded overboard, usually dead, as a result of bycatch. The North Sea plaice and sole fishery, which accounts for the vast majority of catches, is the most wasteful of all. According to a 2000 report, up to 80% of the plaice catch is discarded in some areas.
